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Battle of Ushant (1778)
The Battle of Ushant (also called the First Battle of Ushant) took place on 27 July 1778, fought between French and British fleets west of Ushant, a French island at the mouth of the English Channel off the north-westernmost point of France. The first major naval engagement between the two fleets since the Anglo-French War had been declared earlier that year, the battle ended indecisively and led to political disputes in both countries.
==Battle==
The British had twenty-nine ships-of-the-line commanded by Admiral Augustus Keppel, in HMS ''Victory'', sailing from Spithead on 9 July 1778. The French fleet had thirty-two ships commanded by the Comte d'Orvilliers, sailing from Brest on 8 July 1778.〔Dull (2009) p.101〕〔Rodger (2005) pp.336-337〕 Keppel sighted the French fleet west of Ushant on 23 July. D'Orvilliers, who had orders to avoid battle, was cut off from Brest but retained the weather gage. Two of his ships, standing to windward, escaped into port, leaving him with thirty.
The two fleets manoeuvred during shifting winds and a heavy rain squall until a battle became inevitable with the British more or less in column and the French in some confusion. However, the French managed to pass along the British line to windward with their most advanced ships. At around noon, opened fire on ''Bretagne'', 110 guns, followed by ''Ville de Paris'', ninety guns. The British van escaped with little loss, but Sir Hugh Palliser's rear division suffered considerably. Keppel made the signal to wear and follow the French, but Palliser did not conform and the action was not resumed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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